Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, August 21st. Question: How much green benefit does building a house like building blocks bring? ——Shanghai expands prefabricated building application survey
Xinhua News Agency reporters Lu Wenjun and Wang Chenyang
Building energy consumption has become one of the three major energy consumption in my country, accounting for about 30% of the total energy consumption. Traditional building operation methods can no longer meet the development needs of "Green China". Shanghai takes the development of green buildings as its foothold, promotes prefabricated buildings, and takes the lead in practicing the architectural concept of "building houses like building blocks".
Prefabricated buildings are made by prefabricating part or all of the components in the factory, transporting them to the construction site, and assembling them through reliable connections. It is called "building a house like a car."
“Promoting prefabricated buildings is a key task for accelerating the construction of ecological civilization, promoting the development of advanced manufacturing, and building green and livable cities. Practice has proved that this can not only improve the quality of buildings, but also save land, materials, reduce consumption and emission reduction. The benefits are obvious." said Gu Jinshan, director of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.
Gu Jinshan said that from 2014 to 2016, the amount of prefabricated buildings in Shanghai doubled for three consecutive years, reaching more than 30 million square meters. The prefabricated industrial chain is developing rapidly, and the design capacity of prefabricated components has reached 15 million square meters, which can meet the needs of projects under construction in Shanghai.
The prefabricated construction method not only improves construction efficiency and construction quality, but also greatly reduces construction work space requirements. It can reduce on-site construction labor by 80%, reduce on-site wet work, avoid on-site dust, mud and other pollution, and realize green construction.
Shanghai is the first region in China to explore prefabricated buildings. In 2007, Shanghai Vanke New Mileage became the first domestic pilot project for industrialized housing. "Prefabricated buildings are a trend in global construction. Although short-term costs have increased, the entire life cycle of buildings will produce great green benefits. Shanghai's advanced urban management concepts are conducive to the promotion of prefabricated buildings." Senior Vice President of Vanke Group, Said Zhang Hai, CEO of the Shanghai regional headquarters.
Large-scale exploration promotes continuous innovation of prefabricated building technology. The Zhou Kanghang Residential Community Demonstration Project in Pudong includes 6 high-rise residential buildings with a total area of 60,000 square meters without scaffolding at all, making it the first prefabricated shear wall high-rise residential building in China that uses a bolted connection system. As one of the most large-scale demonstration projects, the intensive advantages of prefabricated buildings are more apparent.
Bian Jiajun, president of Shanghai Construction Engineering Group, who built the project, said that this demonstration project contains a lot of scientific research results. The construction without scaffolding saves land and materials, greatly reduces manpower and cycle, and also solves the problem of easy peeling off of insulation materials, insulation failure, and water seepage. Such as common problems in the domestic construction field, provide a reference for Shanghai to formulate new standards. Shanghai Construction Engineering has completed 4 million square meters of prefabricated buildings across the country.
Shanghai is also promoting prefabricated buildings in the construction of municipal roads and bridges. In June 2016, the Shanghai Disney Resort was completed and opened. In order to ease the traffic, the Shanghai S3 highway project started. It is planned to complete the construction of a viaduct within 6 months. The prefabricated construction method has played a huge role. Liang Yongxing, Secretary of the Party Committee of the China Railway Shanghai Engineering Bureau, who undertook the project, said: “If the traditional cast-in-place process is used, it will take at least 20 days to complete the cast-in-situ process of one cover beam. However, through the assembly and assembly process, four cover beams can be completed in one day In the end, it took only 5 months for the project to be completed and opened to traffic. The quality is higher, the pollution is less, the time is saved, and the energy consumption is reduced."
The technical experience of Shanghai prefabricated construction has gradually "out of Shanghai". In 2013, the Pujiang Base Ruihe New City Affordable Housing Project undertaken by Shanghai Tunnel Co., Ltd. had a single prefabrication rate of 70%, which was the highest prefabrication rate in the country at that time. After five years of development, Shanghai Tunnel Co., Ltd. has promoted the prefabricated construction technology to Nanjing, Nanchang, Chengdu, Changsha and other places, and established the domestic advanced prefabricated construction component production line. Companies such as China Construction Eighth Engineering Bureau and Shanghai Baoye Group, headquartered in Shanghai, have also made breakthroughs in prefabricated building technology, undertaking national or ministerial research on green buildings.
The technological content is the key to Shanghai's promotion of prefabricated construction. The prefabricated building can realize the whole process management like a food safety traceability system by implanting chips in the building components, from stone to concrete, to a wall, who produces it, when it produces it, who hoisted it, and when it inspected , Each component has a detailed record, displayed and backed up on the visual management platform. In a project undertaken by Shanghai Construction Engineering Fifth Construction Group, workers can scan the chips of building components to allow the hoisting workers to easily "point where to hang", just like building an invisible assembly line, prefabricated building components All links can be traced, and any problems can be held accountable.
The comprehensive promotion of prefabricated buildings has become an important part of Shanghai's green development. It is understood that Shanghai has passed the first batch of "National Prefabricated Building Demonstration Cities" review. Since 2016, all new buildings that meet the requirements have implemented prefabricated buildings, and the government has established a gatekeeping mechanism for land transfer and construction management. Shanghai has also introduced incentive policies such as planning incentives, capital subsidies, wall material fund reductions and exemptions, and early pre-sales, which greatly reduces the development costs of enterprises.
Starting from this year, Shanghai will require full renovation of newly built residences within the outer ring road, accelerate the industrialization of interior decoration, encourage the use of light-weight partition walls, integrated kitchens and toilets, integrated tube wells and other parts and components, further reduce construction waste, and improve technical standards for prefabricated buildings System to create a new model for coordinated development of the entire industry chain.
